OAuth 2.0 Authentication Backend

Overview

This RabbitMQ authentication/authorisation backend plugin lets applications (clients) and users authenticate and authorize using JWT-encoded OAuth 2.0 access tokens.

This guide covers

• How it works

  • Prerequisites
  • Authorization Flow
  • Variables configurable in rabbitmq.conf
  • Token validation
  • Token expiration and refresh
  • Scope-to-Permission translation
  • Topic Exchange scopes
  • Scope and tags

• Basic usage

  • Configure OAuth 2.0 provider's issuer
  • Configure signing keys
  • Use a different token field for the scope
  • Preferred username claims
  • Rich Authorization Request

• Advanced usage

  • Use default OAuth 2.0 provider
  • Configure multiple resource servers
  • Configure multiple OAuth 2.0 providers

• Examples

How it works

The OAuth 2 plugin must be activated (or pre-configured) before it can be used, like all other plugins:

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2

Then it must be specified as one of the authN and/or authZ backends. The following example enables OAuth 2.0 authentication and authorization backends:

# note that the module name begins with a "rabbit_", not "rabbitmq_", like in the name
# of the plugin
auth_backends.1 = rabbit_auth_backend_oauth2

Next, let's take a look at the workflows the OAuth 2 plugin supports.

Prerequisites

To use the OAuth 2 plugin, all RabbitMQ nodes must be

1. Configured to use the rabbit_auth_backend_oauth2 backend.
2. Configured with the resource service ID (resource_server_id). The RabbitMQ cluster becomes an OAuth 2.0 resource and this is its identifier.
3. Configured with issuer URL of the OAuth 2.0 provider, or the JWKS URL, or directly with the signing keys that the OAuth 2.0 provider uses to sign tokens

Here is the minimal configuration to support OAuth 2.0 authentication :

info

To activate it in the Management plugin you need additional configuration.

auth_oauth2.resource_server_id = new_resource_server_id
auth_oauth2.issuer = https://my-oauth2-provider.com/realm/rabbitmq

Based on the previous configuration, JWT Tokens presented to RabbitMQ for authentication must:

1. be digitally signed
2. have a value in the aud field that matches resource_server_id value
3. have scopes that must match the resource_server_id value, for example new_resource_server_id.read:*/*

Also, the https://my-oauth2-provider.com/realm/rabbitmq/.well-known/openid-configuration endpoint must return the OpenID Provider Configuration which includes the JKWS url to download the signing keys.

info

.well-known/openid-configuration is the OpenID standard path for the OpenID Provider Configuration endpoint

More detail is included in the next section about what happens during the authentication and how to configure OAuth 2.0 beyond the basic configuration shown previously.

Authorization Flow

This plugin does not communicate with any OAuth 2.0 provider in order to authenticate user and grants access. Instead, it decodes an access token provided by the client and authorises a user based on the scopes found in the token.

Tokens must be digitally signed otherwise they are not accepted. RabbitMQ must have the signing key to validate the signature. You can either configure the signing keys the OAuth 2.0 provider will use, or configure RabbitMQ with one of the following two endpoints:

• JWKS endpoint - this is the HTTP endpoint that returns the signing keys used to digitally sign the tokens.
• OpenID Provider Configuration endpoint - this is the endpoint that returns the provider's configuration including all its endpoints, such as the JWKS endpoint.

When you configure RabbitMQ with one of two previous endpoints, RabbitMQ must make a HTTP request (or two, if we specify the latter endpoint) to download the signing keys. This is an operation that occurs once for any signing key not downloaded yet. When the OAuth 2.0 provider rotates the signing keys, newer tokens refer to a new signing key which RabbitMQ does not have yet which triggers another download of the newer signing keys.

The token can be any JWT token which contains the scope and aud fields.

In chronological order, here is the sequence of events that occur when a client application wants to connect to one of the RabbitMQ's messaging protocols, such as AMQP:

1. The Client application requests an access_token from the OAuth 2.0 provider.
2. The access token must include scopes supported by RabbitMQ in the scope field (it is possible to use a different field for the scopes by setting the name of the new field in auth_oauth2.additional_scopes_key).
3. The Client application passes the token as password when connecting to RabbitMQ's messaging protocol. The username field is ignored.
4. RabbitMQ validates the token's signature. To validate it, RabbitMQ must have the signing keys or download them from the JWKS endpoint as explained in earlier sections.
5. RabbitMQ validates that the token has the audience claim and whose value matches the resource_server_id (this operation can be deactivated by setting auth_oauth2.verify_aud to false).
6. RabbitMQ translates the scopes found in the token into RabbitMQ permissions (the same permissions used in the RabbitMQ's internal database).

Variables configurable in rabbitmq.conf

Key	Documentation
auth_oauth2.resource_server_id	The Resource Server ID
auth_oauth2.resource_server_type	The Resource Server Type required when using Rich Authorization Request token format
auth_oauth2.additional_scopes_key	Configure the plugin to look for scopes in other fields (maps to additional_rabbitmq_scopes in the old format).
auth_oauth2.scope_prefix	Configure the prefix for all scopes. The default value is auth_oauth2.resource_server_id followed by the dot . character.
auth_oauth2.preferred_username_claims	List of the JWT claims to look for the username associated with the token separated by commas.
auth_oauth2.default_key	ID of the default signing key.
auth_oauth2.signing_keys	Paths to the signing key files.
auth_oauth2.issuer	The issuer URL of the authorization server that is used to discover endpoints such as jwk_uri and others (https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderMetadata).
auth_oauth2.jwks_url	The URL of the JWKS endpoint. According to the JWT Specification, the endpoint URL must be https.
auth_oauth2.token_endpoint	The URL of the OAuth 2.0 token endpoint.
auth_oauth2.https.cacertfile	Path to a file containing PEM-encoded CA certificates. The CA certificates are used to connect to any of these endpoints: jwks_url, token_endpoint, or the issuer.
auth_oauth2.https.depth	The maximum number of non-self-issued intermediate certificates that may follow the peer certificate in a valid certification path. The default value is 10.
auth_oauth2.https.peer_verification	Configures peer verification. Available values: verify_none, verify_peer. The default value is verify_peer if there are trusted CA installed in the OS or auth_oauth2.https.cacertfile is set. Deprecated: This variable will be soon replaced by auth_oauth2.https.verify. Users should stop using this variable.
auth_oauth2.https.fail_if_no_peer_cert	Used together with auth_oauth2.https.peer_verification = verify_peer. When set to true, TLS connection will be rejected if the client fails to provide a certificate. The default value is false.
auth_oauth2.https.hostname_verification	Enable wildcard-aware hostname verification for key server. Available values: wildcard, none. The default value is none.
auth_oauth2.https.crl_check	Perform CRL verification (Certificate Revocation List) verification. Default value is false.
auth_oauth2.algorithms	Restrict the usable algorithms.
auth_oauth2.verify_aud	Whether to verify the token's aud field or not. The default value is true.
auth_oauth2.resource_servers	Multiple OAuth 2.0 resources configuration.
auth_oauth2.oauth_providers	Multiple OAuth 2.0 providers configuration.
auth_oauth2.default_oauth_provider	ID of the OAuth 2.0 provider used for the auth_oauth2.resource_servers, that did not specify any (via the variable oauth_provider_id) or when auth_oauth2.jwks_url and auth_oauth2.issuer are both missing.

Resource Server ID

A RabbitMQ cluster must have at least one resource server identifier configured. If it has just one resource, this is configured in the auth_oauth2.resource_server_id variable and it is mandatory. If the RabbitMQ cluster has more than one OAuth resource then they are configured under auth_oauth2.resource_servers.<index> and in this case auth_oauth2.resource_server_id variable is not mandatory.

RabbitMQ uess the resource server identity for these two purposes:

• To validate the token's audience (aud) whose value must contain the resource server identifier. This validation can be disabled though.
• To initiate the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code flow in the Management UI. This is the flow used to authenticate a user and to get its access token. RabbitMQ must include the resource server identifier in the request's attribute called resource.

Scope prefix

OAuth 2.0 tokens use scopes to communicate what set of permissions particular client are granted. The scopes are free form strings.

By default, resource_server_id followed by the dot (.) character is the prefix used for scopes to avoid scope collisions (or unintended overlap). However, in some environments, it is not possible to use resource_server_id as the prefix for all scopes. For these environments, there is a new variable called scope_prefix which overrides the default scope prefix. Empty strings are allowed.

Given the below configuration, the scope associated with the permission read:*/* is api://read:*/*.

...
auth_oauth2.scope_prefix = api://
...

Signing keys files

The following configuration declares two signing keys and configures the kid of the default signing key. For more information check the section Configure Signing keys.

auth_oauth2.resource_server_id = new_resource_server_id
auth_oauth2.additional_scopes_key = my_custom_scope_key
auth_oauth2.preferred_username_claims.1 = username
auth_oauth2.preferred_username_claims.2 = user_name
auth_oauth2.default_key = id1
auth_oauth2.signing_keys.id1 = test/config_schema_SUITE_data/certs/key.pem
auth_oauth2.signing_keys.id2 = test/config_schema_SUITE_data/certs/cert.pem
auth_oauth2.algorithms.1 = HS256
auth_oauth2.algorithms.2 = RS256

JWKS endpoint

The followibng configuration sets the JWKS endpoint from which RabbitMQ downloads the signing keys using the configured CA certificate and TLS variables.

auth_oauth2.resource_server_id = new_resource_server_id
auth_oauth2.jwks_url = https://my-jwt-issuer/jwks.json
auth_oauth2.https.cacertfile = test/config_schema_SUITE_data/certs/cacert.pem
auth_oauth2.https.peer_verification = verify_peer
auth_oauth2.https.depth = 5
auth_oauth2.https.fail_if_no_peer_cert = true
auth_oauth2.https.hostname_verification = wildcard
auth_oauth2.algorithms.1 = HS256
auth_oauth2.algorithms.2 = RS256

Multiple Resource Servers configuration

Each auth_oauth2.resource_servers.<id/index>. entry has the following variables. Except for the variables id and oauth_provider_id, if a resource does not configure a variable, RabbitMQ uses the variable configured at the root level. For instance, if the resource auth_oauth2.resource_servers.prod does not configure preferred_username_claims variable, RabbitMQ uses the value configured in auth_oauth2.preferred_username_claims for the resource prod.

Key	Documentation
id	The Resource Server ID
resource_server_type	The Resource Server Type required when using Rich Authorization Request token format.
additional_scopes_key	Configure the plugin to look for scopes in other fields (maps to additional_rabbitmq_scopes in the old format).
scope_prefix	Configure the prefix for all scopes. The default value is auth_oauth2.resource_server_id followed by the dot . character.
preferred_username_claims	List of the JWT claims to look for the username associated with the token separated by commas.
oauth_provider_id	The OAuth Provider Identifier associated to this resource. RabbitMQ uses the signing keys issued by this OAuth Provider to validate tokens which whose audience matches this resource's id.

Usually, a numeric value is used as index, for example auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.id = rabbit_prod. However, it can be any string, for example auth_oauth2.resource_servers.rabbit_prod.jwks_url = http://some_url. By default, the index is the resource server's id. However, you can override it via the id attribute like in auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.id = rabbit_prod.

Here is an example which configures two resources (prod and dev) which are used by the users and clients managed by the same identity provider whose issuer url is https://my-idp.com/:

auth_oauth2.issuer = https://my-idp.com/
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.id = prod
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.id = dev

See the advanced usage section called Multiple Resource Servers for more information on how to configure them.

Multiple OAuth Providers configuration

Each auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.<id/index>. entry has the following variables.

Key	Documentation
issuer	URL of OAuth Provider. RabbitMQ uses this URL to build the OpenId Connect Discovery endpoint by appending the path .well-known/openid-configuration to this URL
token_endpoint	The URL of the OAuth 2.0 token endpoint.
jwks_uri	The URL of the JWKS endpoint. According to the JWT Specification, the endpoint URL must be https. Warning: RabbitMQ uses for each OAuth Provider the variable name jwks_uri used by the OpenId Connect Discovery Specification rather than jwks_url.
https.cacertfile	Path to a file containing PEM-encoded CA certificates used to connect issuer and/or jwks_uri URLs
https.depth	The maximum number of non-self-issued intermediate certificates that may follow the peer certificate in a valid certification path. The default value is 10.
https.verify	Configures peer verification. Available values: verify_none, verify_peer. The default value is verify_peer if there are trusted CA installed in the OS or auth_oauth2.https.cacertfile is set.
https.fail_if_no_peer_cert	Used together with auth_oauth2.https.peer_verification = verify_peer. When set to true, TLS connection will be rejected if the client fails to provide a certificate. The default value is false.
https.hostname_verification	Enable wildcard-aware hostname verification for key server. Available values: wildcard, none. The default value is none.
https.crl_check	Perform CRL verification (Certificate Revocation List) verification. Default value is false.

Here is an example which configures two resources (prod and dev) where each resource is managed by two distinct identity providers:

auth_oauth2.scope_prefix = rabbitmq.
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.id = prod
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.oauth_provider_id = idp_prod
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.id = dev
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.oauth_provider_id = idp_dev
auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.idp_prod.issuer = https://idp_prod.com
auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.idp_dev.issuer = https://idp_dev.com

See the advanced usage section called Multiple OAuth Providers for more information on how to configure them.

Token validation

When RabbitMQ receives a JWT token, it validates it before accepting it.

Must be digitally signed

The token must carry a digital signature and optionally a kid header attribute which identifies the key RabbitMQ should use to validate the signature.

Must not be expired

RabbitMQ uses this field exp (exp) to validate the token if present. It contains the expiration time after which the JWT MUST NOT be accepted for processing.

Audience must have/match the resource_server_id

The aud (Audience) identifies the recipients and/or resource_server of the JWT. By default, RabbitMQ uses this field to validate the token although you can deactivate it by the verify_aud variable set to false. When it set to true, this attribute must either match the resource_server_id variable or in case of a list, it must contain the resource_server_id.

Token expiration and refresh

On an existing connection, the token can be refreshed by the update-secret AMQP 0.9.1 method. Please check your client whether it supports this method (for example documentation for the Java client). Otherwise the client has to disconnect and reconnect to use a new token.

If the latest token expires on an existing connection, after a limited time the broker will refuse all operations (but it won't disconnect).

Scope-to-Permission translation

Scopes are translated into permission grants to RabbitMQ resources for the provided token.

The current scope format is <permission>:<vhost_pattern>/<name_pattern>[/<routing_key_pattern>] where

• <permission> is an access permission (configure, read, or write)
• <vhost_pattern> is a wildcard pattern for vhosts token has access to.
• <name_pattern> is a wildcard pattern for resource name
• <routing_key_pattern> is a wildcard pattern for routing key in topic authorization

Wildcard patterns are strings with optional wildcard symbols * that match any sequence of characters.

Wildcard patterns match as following:

• * matches any string
• foo* matches any string starting with a foo
• *foo matches any string ending with a foo
• foo*bar matches any string starting with a foo and ending with a bar

There can be multiple wildcards in a pattern:

• start*middle*end
• *before*after*

To use special characters like *, %, or / in a wildcard pattern, the pattern must be URL-encoded.

These are the usually permissions examples:

• read:*/*(read:*/*/*) - read permissions to any resource on any vhost
• write:*/*(write:*/*/*) - write permissions to any resource on any vhost
• read:vhost1/*(read:vhost1/*/*) - read permissions to any resource on the vhost1 vhost
• read:vhost1/some* - read permissions to all the resources, starting with some on the vhost1 vhost
• write:vhost1/some*/routing* - topic write permissions to publish to an exchange starting with some with a routing key starting with routing
• read:*/*/* and write:*/*/* - queue binding permissions required to bind a queue on a topic exchange with any routing key

See the wildcard matching test suite and scopes test suite for more examples.

Scopes, by default, are prefixed with resource_server_id followed by the dot (.) character if scope_prefix is not configured. For example, if resource_server_id is "my_rabbit", a scope to enable read from any vhost will be my_rabbit.read:*/*.

If scope_prefix is configured then scopes are prefixed as follows: <scope_prefix><permission>. For example, if scope_prefix is api:// and the permission is read:*/* the scope would be api://read:*/*

Topic Exchange scopes

The previous section explained, in detail, how permissions are mapped to scopes. This section explains more specifically what scopes you need in order to operate on Topic Exchanges.

To bind and/or unbind a queue to/from a Topic Exchange, you need to have the following scopes:

• write permission on the queue and routing key -> rabbitmq.write:<vhost>/<queue>/<routingkey>

for example rabbitmq.write:*/*/*

• read permission on the exchange and routing key -> rabbitmq.write:<vhost>/<exchange>/<routingkey>

for example rabbitmq.read:*/*/*

To publish to a Topic Exchange, you need to have the following scope:

• write permission on the exchange and routing key -> rabbitmq.write:<vhost>/<exchange>/<routingkey>

for example rabbitmq.write:*/*/*

OAuth 2.0 authorisation backend supports variable expansion when checking permission on topics. It supports JWT claims whose value is a plain string, plus the vhost variable.

For example, a user connected with the token below to the vhost prod should have a write permission on all exchanges starting with x-prod-, and any routing key starting with u-bob-:

{
  "sub" : "bob",
  "scope" : [ "rabbitmq.write:*/q-{vhost}-*/u-{sub}-*" ]
}

Scope and tags

Users in RabbitMQ can have tags associated with them. Tags are used to control access to the management plugin.

In the OAuth context, tags can be added as part of the scope, using a format like <resource_server_id>.tag:<tag>. For example, if the resource_server_id is "my_rabbit", a scope to grant access to the management plugin with the monitoring tag will be my_rabbit.tag:monitoring.

Basic usage

Configure OAuth 2.0 provider's issuer

Before RabbitMQ 3.13, users had to either configure the JWKS endpoint (that is auth_oauth2.jwks_url variable) or statically configure the signing keys. Now, users only need to configure the OpenID Provider's issuer URL and from this URL RabbitMQ downloads the OpenID Provider configuration which includes the JWKS endpoint in addition to other endpoints which will be useful in other contexts.

Usually, this issuer URL is the same URL configured in the management plugin (management.oauth_provider_url). From now on, you only need to configure a single URL, specified by the auth_oauth2.issuer variable. Except in edge cases where the issuer URL does not host the login page. In that cases, the user configures the login page in the management.oauth_provider_url variable.

Sample configuration using issuer:

auth_oauth2.resource_server_id = my_rabbit_server
auth_oauth2.issuer = https://my-idp-provider/somerealm

or

[
  {rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2, [
    {resource_server_id, <<"my_rabbit_server">>},
    {issuer, <<"https://my-idp-provider/somerealm">>}    
  ]},
].

Sample configuration using jwks_url:

auth_oauth2.resource_server_id = my_rabbit_server
auth_oauth2.jwks_url = "https://my-jwt-issuer/jwks.json

or

[
  {rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2, [
    {resource_server_id, <<"my_rabbit_server">>},
    {key_config, [
      {jwks_url, <<"https://my-jwt-issuer/jwks.json">>}
    ]}
  ]},
].

info

If you have both endpoints configured, RabbitMQ uses jwks_url because it does not need to discover it via the issuer url.

info

Note about TLS variables for the jwks_url or the issuer url: TLS variable such as the cacertfile are configured as follows regardless which url we are using:

...
auth_oauth2.https.cacertfile = /opts/certs/cacert.pem
...

or

[
  {rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2, [
    ...
    {key_config, [
      {cacertfile, <<"/opts/certs/cacert.pem">>}
    ]}
  ]},
].

VERY IMPORTANT: Since RabbitMQ 3.13, if auth_oauth2.https.peer_verification variable is not set, RabbitMQ sets it to verify_peer as long as there are trusted certificates installed in the OS or the user configured auth_oauth2.https.cacertfile.

Configure signing keys

Currently, it is very rare you configure RabbitMQ with signing keys, when RabbitMQ can automatically download them as explained in the previous section. However, RabbitMQ supports those edge cases where you need to statically configure the signing keys, or when you need to support symmetric signing keys as opposed to the most widely used asymmetric keys.

The following example uses Cloud Foundry UAA as the OAuth 2.0 provider.

To get the signing key from the OAuth 2.0 provider UAA, use the token_key endpoint or uaac (the uaac signing key command).

The following fields are required: kty, value, alg, and kid.

Assuming UAA reports the following signing key information:

uaac signing key
  kty: RSA
  e: AQAB
  use: sig
  kid: a-key-ID
  alg: RS256
  value: -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA2dP+vRn+Kj+S/oGd49kq
6+CKNAduCC1raLfTH7B3qjmZYm45yDl+XmgK9CNmHXkho9qvmhdksdzDVsdeDlhK
IdcIWadhqDzdtn1hj/22iUwrhH0bd475hlKcsiZ+oy/sdgGgAzvmmTQmdMqEXqV2
B9q9KFBmo4Ahh/6+d4wM1rH9kxl0RvMAKLe+daoIHIjok8hCO4cKQQEw/ErBe4SF
2cr3wQwCfF1qVu4eAVNVfxfy/uEvG3Q7x005P3TcK+QcYgJxav3lictSi5dyWLgG
QAvkknWitpRK8KVLypEj5WKej6CF8nq30utn15FQg0JkHoqzwiCqqeen8GIPteI7
VwIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
  n: ANnT_r0Z_io_kv6BnePZKuvgijQHbggta2i30x-wd6o5mWJuOcg5fl5oCvQjZh15IaPar5oXZLHcw1bHXg5YSiHXCFmnYag83bZ9YY_9tolMK4R9G3eO-YZSnLImfqMv7HYBoAM75pk0JnTKhF6ldgfavShQZqOAIYf-vneMDNax_ZMZdEbzACi3vnWqCByI6JPIQju
      HCkEBMPxKwXuEhdnK98EMAnxdalbuHgFTVX8X8v7hLxt0O8dNOT903CvkHGICcWr95YnLUouXcli4BkAL5JJ1oraUSvClS8qRI-Vino-ghfJ6t9LrZ9eRUINCZB6Ks8Igqqnnp_BiD7XiO1c

it translates into the following configuration (in the advanced RabbitMQ config format):

[
  %% ...
  %% backend configuration
  {rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2, [
    {resource_server_id, <<"my_rabbit_server">>},
    %% UAA signing key configuration
    {key_config, [
      {signing_keys, #{
        <<"a-key-ID">> => {pem, <<"-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA2dP+vRn+Kj+S/oGd49kq
6+CKNAduCC1raLfTH7B3qjmZYm45yDl+XmgK9CNmHXkho9qvmhdksdzDVsdeDlhK
IdcIWadhqDzdtn1hj/22iUwrhH0bd475hlKcsiZ+oy/sdgGgAzvmmTQmdMqEXqV2
B9q9KFBmo4Ahh/6+d4wM1rH9kxl0RvMAKLe+daoIHIjok8hCO4cKQQEw/ErBe4SF
2cr3wQwCfF1qVu4eAVNVfxfy/uEvG3Q7x005P3TcK+QcYgJxav3lictSi5dyWLgG
QAvkknWitpRK8KVLypEj5WKej6CF8nq30utn15FQg0JkHoqzwiCqqeen8GIPteI7
VwIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----">>}
          }}
      ]}
    ]}
].

If a symmetric key is used, the configuration looks like this:

[
  {rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2, [
    {resource_server_id, <<"my_rabbit_server">>},
    {key_config, [
      {signing_keys, #{
        <<"a-key-ID">> => {map, #{<<"kty">> => <<"MAC">>,
                                  <<"alg">> => <<"HS256">>,
                                  <<"value">> => <<"my_signing_key">>}}
      }}
    ]}
  ]},
].

Use a different token field for the scope

By default the plugin looks for the scope key in the token, you can configure the plugin to also look in other fields using the extra_scopes_source variable. Values format accepted are scope as string or list

[
  {rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2, [
    {resource_server_id, <<"my_rabbit_server">>},
    {extra_scopes_source, <<"my_custom_scope_key">>},
    ...
    ]}  
].

Token sample:

{
 "exp": 1618592626,
 "iat": 1618578226,
 "aud" : ["my_id"],
 ...
 "scope_as_string": "my_id.configure:*/* my_id.read:*/* my_id.write:*/*",
 "scope_as_list": ["my_id.configure:*/*", "my_id.read:*/*", "my_id.write:*/*"],
 ...
 }

Preferred username claims

The username associated with the token must be available to RabbitMQ so that this username is displayed in the RabbitMQ Management UI. By default, RabbitMQ searches for the sub claim first, and if it is not found, RabbitMQ uses the client_id.

Most authorization servers return the user's GUID in the sub claim instead of the user's username or email address, anything the user can relate to. When the sub claim does not carry a user-friendly username, you can configure one or several claims to extract the username from the token.

Example advanced.config configuration:

  ...
  {rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2, [
    {resource_server_id, <<"rabbitmq">>},
    {preferred_username_claims, [<<"user_name">>,<<"email">>]},
  ...

In the example configuration, RabbitMQ searches for the user_name claim first and if it is not found, RabbitMQ searches for the email. If these are not found, RabbitMQ uses its default lookup mechanism which first looks for sub and then client_id.

Rich Authorization Request

The Rich Authorization Request extension provides a way for OAuth clients to request fine-grained permissions during an authorization request. It moves away from the concept of scopes that are text labels and instead defines a more sophisticated permission model.

RabbitMQ supports JWT tokens compliant with the extension. Below is a sample example section of JWT token:

{
  "authorization_details": [
    {
      "type" : "rabbitmq",
      "locations": ["cluster:finance/vhost:production-*"],
      "actions": [ "read", "write", "configure"  ]
    },
    {
      "type" : "rabbitmq",
      "locations": ["cluster:finance", "cluster:inventory" ],
      "actions": ["administrator" ]
    }
  ]
}

The token above contains two permissions under the attribute authorization_details. Both permissions are meant for RabbitMQ servers with resource_server_type set to rabbitmq. This field identifies RabbitMQ-specific permissions.

The first permission grants read, write and configure permissions to any queue and/or exchange on any virtual host whose name matches the pattern production-*, and that reside in clusters whose resource_server_id contains the string finance. The cluster attribute's value is also a regular expression. To match exactly the string finance, use ^finance$.

The second permission grants the administrator user tag in two clusters, finance and inventory. Other supported user tags as management, policymaker and monitoring.

Type field

In order for a RabbitMQ node to accept a permission, its value must match that node's resource_server_type variable's value. A JWT token may have permissions for multiple resource types.

Locations field

The locations field can be either a string containing a single location or a Json array containing zero or many locations.

A location consists of a list of key-value pairs separated by forward slash / character. Here is the format:

cluster:<resource_server_id_pattern>[/vhost:<vhost_pattern>][/queue:<queue_name_pattern>|/exchange:<exchange_name_pattern>][/routing-key:<routing_key_pattern>]

Any string separated by / which does not conform to <key>:<value> is ignored. For instance, if your locations start with a prefix, for example vrn/cluster:rabbitmq, the vrn pattern part is ignored.

The supported location's attributed are:

• cluster: This is the only mandatory attribute. It is a wildcard pattern which must match RabbitMQ's resource_server_id otherwise the location is ignored.
• vhost: This is the virtual host you are granting access to. It also a wildcard pattern. If not specified, * will be used.
• queue|exchange: queue or exchange name pattern. The location grants the permission to a set of queues (or exchanges) that match it. One location can only specify either queue or exchange but not both. If not specified, * will be used
• routing-key: this is the routing key pattern the location grants the permission to. If not specified, * will be used

For more information about wildcard patterns, check the section Scope-to-Permission Translation.

Actions field

The actions field can be either a string containing a single action or a Json array containing zero or many actions.

The supported actions map to either RabbitMQ permissions:

• configure
• read
• write

Or RabbitMQ user tags:

• administrator
• monitoring
• management
• policymaker

Rich-Permission to scope translation

Rich Authorization Request permissions are translated into JWT token scopes that use the aforementioned convention using the following algorithm:

For each location found in the locations where the cluster attribute matches the current RabbitMQ server's resource_server_id:

• For each location found in the locations field where the cluster attribute matches the current RabbitMQ node's resource_server_id, the plugin extracts the vhost, queue or exchange and routing_key attributes from the location. If the location does not have any of those attributes, the default value of * is assumed. Out of those values, the following scope suffix will be produced:

  scope_suffix = <vhost>/<queue>|<exchange>/<routing-key>

• For each action found in the actions field:

  if the action is not a known user tag, the following scope is produced out of it:

    scope = <resource_server_id>.<action>:<scope_suffix>

  For known user tag actions, the following scope is produced:

    scope = <resource_server_id>.<action>

The plugin produces permutations of all actions by all locations that match the node's configured resource_server_id.

In the following RAR example

{
  "authorization_details": [
    { "type" : "rabbitmq",
      "locations": ["cluster:finance/vhost:primary-*"],
      "actions": [ "read", "write", "configure"  ]
    },
    { "type" : "rabbitmq",
      "locations": ["cluster:finance", "cluster:inventory" ],
      "actions": ["administrator" ]
    }
  ]
}

if RabbitMQ nodes resource_server_id is equal to finance, the plugin computes the following sets of scopes:

• finance.read:primary-*/*/*
• finance.write:primary-*/*/*
• finance.configure:primary-*/*/*
• finance.tag:administrator

Advanced usage

Use default OAuth 2.0 provider

As long as you have only one OAuth 2.0 provider, you can skip this advanced usage although you can use it.

Under the basic usage section, you configured the issuer url or maybe the jwks_url along with the TLS variables if needed. This advanced usage configures everything relative to the OAuth provider into a dedicated configuration.

Here is an example configuration that uses issuer to configure the identity provider's URL:

auth_oauth2.resource_server_id = rabbitmq-prod
auth_oauth2.scope_prefix = rabbitmq.
auth_oauth2.issuer = https://prodkeycloak:8080/realm/prod
auth_oauth2.https.cacertfile = /opts/certs/prodcacert.pem

The equivalent configuration where the identity provider is configured under auth_oauth2.oauth_providers variable is:

auth_oauth2.resource_server_id = rabbitmq-prod
auth_oauth2.scope_prefix = rabbitmq.
auth_oauth2.default_oauth_provider = prodkeycloak

auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.prodkeycloak.issuer = https://prodkeycloak:8080/realm/prod
auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.prodkeycloak.https.cacertfile = /opts/certs/prodcacert.pem

This latter configuration is more relevant when users present tokens which are issued or signed by different OAuth 2.0 providers. However, one can still use it provided auth_oauth2.default_oauth_provider is set.

Configure multiple resource servers

Usually, all users that access a RabbitMQ cluster are registered within the same identity provider. Likewise, all tokens targeting the same RabbitMQ cluster also carry the same audience. In other words, all users reference a RabbitMQ cluster with the same resource name which must match the value of the auth_oauth2.resource_server_id variable.

However, there are some use-cases where RabbitMQ is accessed by users registered in different identity providers or tokens are issued for the same RabbitMQ installation but with different Audience(s). For these use-cases, RabbitMQ OAuth 2.0 plugin and the Management plugin can be configured with multiple OAuth 2.0 resources.

The following is the OAuth 2.0 plugin configuration for two resources with the ids: rabbit_prod and rabbit_dev. Both resources (also known as audience) are managed by the same Identity Provider whose issuer is http//some_idp_url.

auth_oauth2.issuer = http//some_idp_url
auth_oauth2.scope_prefix = rabbitmq.

auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.id = rabbit_prod
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.id = rabbit_dev
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.scope_prefix = dev-rabbitmq.

All resource servers share the variables you set so far under auth_oauth2. such as scope_prefix. However, they can override them. Here are the list of variables a resource server can override:

• id - This is the actual resource identifier carried in the audience field of a token. If omitted, the value is the index, for example, given auth_oauth2.resource_servers.prod.scope_prefix variable, the id would be prod.
• scope_prefix
• additional_scopes_key
• resource_server_type
• oauth_provider_id - This is the identifier of the OAuth provider. It is configured in RabbitMQ. It provides all the variables to contact the authorization server and discover all its endpoints, such as the jwks_uri to download the signing keys to validate the token. If this variable is omitted, RabbitMQ looks up the default Authorization Provider's id in the variable auth_oauth2.default_oauth_provider, and if it is also omitted, RabbitMQ uses auth_oauth2.issuer or auth_oauth2.jwks_url to download the signings keys to validate the token.

The list of supported resource servers is the combination of auth_oauth2.resource_servers and auth_oauth2.resource_server_id. You can use both or only one of them.

info

There is an example that demonstrate multiple OAuth 2 resources.

Configure multiple OAuth 2.0 providers

It only makes sense to set multiple OAuth 2.0 providers if there are multiple resources configured.

This is the configuration used in the previous section but modified to use multiple OAuth 2.0 providers:

auth_oauth2.scope_prefix = rabbitmq.

auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.id = rabbit_prod
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.1.oauth_provider_id = prod
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.id = rabbit_dev
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.oauth_provider_id = dev
auth_oauth2.resource_servers.2.scope_prefix = dev-rabbitmq.

auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.prod.issuer = https://rabbit_prod:8080
auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.prod.https.cacertfile = /opts/certs/prod.pem
auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.dev.issuer = https://rabbit_dev:8080
auth_oauth2.oauth_providers.dev.https.cacertfile = /opts/certs/dev.pem

Examples

The RabbitMQ OAuth 2.0 Auth backend examples contain many example configuration files, that can be used to set up several OAuth 2.0 providers, including UAA, Auth0, and Azure, and issue tokens, which can be used to access RabbitMQ resources.